Diplomatic Representation: UK Overseas Network

Lord Triesman: In December 2003, my right honourable friend the Secretary of State for Foreign and Commonwealth Affairs (Jack Straw) set out the Government's international priorities for the next five to 10 years and the Foreign and Commonwealth Office's strategy for delivering them in a world of new challenges, opportunities and threats.
	On the basis of that strategy and the outcome of the 2004 spending round, my right honourable friend announced on 15 December 2004, (Official Report, cols. WS137–WS140) changes to the overseas network, aimed at enhancing our effectiveness in representing British interests abroad, and helping to deliver an efficient service on behalf of the British taxpayer.
	However, in the light of further reviews we have agreed to make the following small adjustments to our plans:
	One subordinate post, Hamburg, scheduled to remain open with locally based staff, will now close and our interests will be covered from Berlin. Two subordinate posts, Munich and Miami, will now continue to be headed by a UK based member of staff rather than covered entirely by locally engaged staff as originally proposed. Other changes will go ahead before end 2006, as previously announced.
	The overall picture on implementation of the changes announced in December is as follows.
	
		
			 Post Planned change State of Play 
			 ASIA PACIFIC   
			 Port Vila (Vanuatu) Close To be closed by end 2006 
			 Nuku'alofa (Tonga) Close To be closed by end 2006 
			 Dili (East Timor) Close To be closed by end 2006 
			 Tarawa (Kiribati) (currently a locally staffed post) Close Closed 
			   
			 AMERICAS   
			 Asuncion (Paraguay) Close Closed 
			 Nassau (Bahamas) Close Closed 
			 AFRICA   
			 Maseru (Lesotho) Close Closed 
			 Mbabane (Swaziland) Close Closed 
			 Antananarivo (Madagascar) Close Closed 
			   
			 AUSTRALIA   
			 Brisbane Localise To be localised by end 2006 
			 Perth Localise To be localised by end 2006 
			   
			 NEW ZEALAND   
			 Auckland Localise Localised 
			   
			 JAPAN   
			 Fukuoka Close Closed 
			   
			 LAOS   
			 Vientiane (Laos)(Trade Office) Close Closed 
			 UNITED STATES   
			 Seattle Localise Localised 
			 Miami Localise To remain UK based 
			 Phoenix Close Closed 
			 Dallas Close Closed 
			 San Juan (Puerto Rico) Close Closed 
			   
			 FRANCE   
			 Bordeaux Localise To be localised by end 2006 
			 Lyon Localise To be localised by end 2006 
			   
			 GERMANY   
			 Munich Localise To remain UK based 
			 Hamburg Localise To close by end 2006 
			 Frankfurt Close To close by end 2006 
			 Leipzig Close Closed 
			 Stuttgart Close To close by end 2006 
			   
			 SPAIN   
			 Palma Localise To be localised by end 2006 
			 Bilbao Localise Localised 
			   
			 PORTUGAL   
			 Oporto Close Closed 
			   
			 CAMEROON   
			 Douala Close Closed 
		
	
	In addition, we have agreed the following further changes to the network:
	In Brazil, following a review of our commercial effort there, we have agreed that our Trade Offices in Belo Horizonte and Curitiba should be closed, but the existing Honorary Consuls will remain. Commercial services currently provided in Belo Horizonte and Curitiba will in future be delivered through our other posts in Brazil. In India we plan to upgrade our Business Information Centres in Pune and Chandigarh to British Trade Offices and cease to operate a Business Information Centre in Bhopal.
	The full details of these additional changes are as follows:
	
		
			 Post Planned Change 
			 Trade Office, Curitiba, Brazil Close. Honorary Consul to remain. Trade interests covered from other Posts in Brazil (Brasilia, Sao Paulo or Rio de Janeiro). 
			   
			 Trade Office, Belo Horizonte, Brazil Close. Honorary Consul to remain. Trade interests covered from other Posts in Brazil (Brasilia, Sao Paulo or Rio de Janeiro). 
			   
			 Business Information Centre, Bhopal, India Close. British Council Library to remain. Trade interests covered from Mumbai. 
			   
			 Business Information Centre, Pune Upgrade to full Trade Office. 
			   
			 Business Information Centre, Chandigarh Upgrade to full Trade Office. 
		
	
	We have no other plans to close or open any further sovereign posts but like any well-run organisation we will continue to move resources flexibly as priorities require in line with UK interests. I will inform the House of any further planned changes.

Electoral Administration

Lord Falconer of Thoroton: The Government will shortly introduce legislation to improve the administration of elections. This will be accompanied by the publication of the Government's response to the DCA policy discussion paper and the Electoral Commission's Securing the Vote report.
	This legislation will aim to make progress on the Government's three core principles for elections:
	access to voting for all;
	highest possible turnout; and
	lowest possible fraud.
	These key issues—access, participation and integrity—are those on which the legitimacy of our representative democracy depends.
	We need to strike a balance between security and access. The changes that the Government will propose to Parliament aim to enhance both. Our key objectives are to ensure that all who are entitled to vote are on the register and improve safeguards against fraud.
	The changes we propose include:
	introducing performance standards, to be set by the Electoral Commission in consultation with the Secretary of State, to promote best practice in electoral services;
	moving back the last date for registration, enabling people to register to vote after an election has been called;
	placing a new duty on registration officers to take all necessary steps to ensure comprehensive registers. Those steps include the following specific measures:
	(a) Sending the canvass form more than once to any address;
	(b) Making house to house inquires on more than one occasion;
	(c) Making contact by such other means as the ERO thinks appropriate with persons who do not have an entry in a register;
	(d) Inspecting any records held by any person which the ERO is permitted to inspect; and
	(e) Providing training to persons under the direction or control of the ERO in connection with the carrying out of the duty;
	giving returning officers a new power to promote elections and electoral registration;
	enabling parents and those with caring responsibilities to take children into the polling station with them when they go to vote;
	providing for pre-poll information to be sent to all electors including details about their vote;
	allowing electors to register anonymously in certain circumstances, so that registration does not compromise the safety of the vulnerable;
	lowering the age of candidacy from 21 to 18;
	simplifying guidance for voters, and enabling this to be available in languages other than English for those who need it;
	establishing a framework for returning officers to conduct reviews of polling places every four years to ensure they meet accessibility criteria; establishing two new electoral fraud offences, for falsely applying for a postal or proxy vote and for supplying false information or failing to supply information to the electoral registration officer at any time;
	providing for pilots of personal identifiers (e.g. signatures and dates of birth) at registration to test the security benefits that this could bring and measure the effect on the completeness of the register;
	establishing a framework for the Co-ordinated On-line Record of Electors (CORE) to improve the accuracy and integrity of electoral registers and support national access and future data sharing between registers;
	revising the offence of undue influence, enabling the offence to be effective even where influence has not led to any action being taken;
	improving security markings on ballot papers;
	introducing a marked register of postal votes received, similar to that currently used for polling station voters;
	introducing statutory secrecy warnings to accompany postal and proxy voting papers to deter anyone from unlawfully attempting to influence another person's vote;
	requiring voters to sign for their ballot paper at the polling station to act as a deterrent to fraud;
	allowing access to accredited observers at polling stations and at other stages of the electoral process, such as the count, to enhance the openness and integrity of the electoral system; and
	simplifying and clarifying regulations for political parties, including by standardising the period in which election expenses can be incurred at four months.
	To provide for more flexibility and transparency in the administration of elections we will:
	enable administrators to correct clerical and administrative errors during the course of the election;
	introduce simpler and more flexible funding arrangements for national elections; and
	support the administration of postal votes by enabling automated production of postal vote documents, including by removing the counterfoil on ballot papers and replacing the stamping perforation with a pre-printed security mark.
	We will also seek to address the concerns raised by the honourable Member Sir Patrick Cormack of South Staffordshire in relation to the death of an election candidate during the campaign period by reducing the time delay for setting a new date of poll. We also intend to respond to the issue of candidates standing in more than one constituency at the same election, which Sir Patrick raised in his speech on 6 July.
	We also plan to introduce a package of secondary legislation echoing the principles I have set out above. These measures are based on existing primary legislation, and our aim is that they should be in place in time for the next local elections in May 2006, to improve public confidence in our electoral system.
	A full announcement on the secondary legislation package will be made in due course. Specifically it will deal with questions around how and when voters can apply for a postal vote or a replacement, the process by which postal votes are returned to administrators and how postal votes are collected on polling day. It will also address the issue of standard polling hours for local elections. More detail on the individual proposals are included in the response to the DCA policy discussion paper and Securing the Vote report, also published today.
	These measures will be consolidated with regulations concerning access to and supply of the electoral register. Both sets of regulations will be subject to the affirmative resolution procedure. It is intended that they will be laid before Parliament in the near future so the debate can run alongside the Government's proposed legislation.
	The legislation will be accompanied by the publication of the DCA paper, Electoral Administration—legislative proposals resulting from consideration of the policy discussion paper published on 25 May 2005, including a response to the Electoral Commission's Securing the Vote report. This paper is also available on the DCA website at www.dca.gov.uk·legist·electadmin.htm.

MoD: Far East POW and Internee Payment Scheme

Lord Drayson: My honourable friend the Parliamentary Under-Secretary of State for Defence (Don Touhig) has made the following Written Ministerial Statement.
	In my Written Ministerial Statement on 13 July (Official Report, WS43), I apologised to those British civilians who were interned by the Japanese during the Second World War in the Far East and who were led by the incomplete terms of our initial announcement of the scheme in November 2000 to think that they would qualify for an ex-gratia payment. The apology was for the distress caused to those who claimed before the eligibility criteria were fully spelt out and who, in particular, would have qualified but for later clarification that "British" was to be defined by the birthlink criterion.
	In my Statement I undertook to examine whether the apology should be expressed in a tangible form. I have, therefore, decided that a one-off payment of £500 should go to each of those individuals to whom the apology in my Statement of 13 July was addressed. I also intend to send a personal letter to each of those who will be compensated. We expect to establish eligibility and make payments for the majority of cases within six months.

Niger: Food Crisis

Baroness Amos: My right honourable friend the Secretary of State for International Development (Hilary Benn) has made the following Written Ministerial Statement.
	Over the past three months a major humanitarian relief operation has been underway in Niger in response to a food crisis affecting an estimated three million people, with the lives of up to 150,000 children at risk. The humanitarian operation is now working at full capacity and has helped to avert a major catastrophe. The UK has played an important part, being one of the first donors to respond when the United Nations and NGO relief agencies alerted the world to the severity of the crisis. Intense media interest in the events in Niger subsequently encouraged other donors to join the effort, and an appeal by the Disasters and Emergency Committee, representing British relief and development NGOs, prompted a magnificent response from the British public.
	Throughout this crisis, the UK Government have been one of the three largest donors, with a total contribution of £3.9 million (including modest support to targeted humanitarian aid in the neighbouring states of Mali and Burkina Faso). Combined with the donations made by the public, Britain has made the biggest total contribution to the Niger relief effort.
	Although the immediate causes of Niger's problems were a poor harvest at the end of last year's growing season, and the additional stresses caused by a locust invasion in the Sahel which did significant damage to grazing lands, the crisis itself had much more complex roots and deeper causes. Niger lies at the bottom of the UN Human Development Index as the world's poorest country. A large proportion of the population is chronically poor and therefore highly vulnerable to even quite modest shortfalls of food and other necessities. Last year's harvest was in fact only 7 per cent below the average of recent years and a year ago there were good reasons to believe that a crisis could be avoided altogether. A combination of factors—including; garbled information from early warning systems, inappropriate plans for dealing with the problem, unusually high food prices, and a failure of contingency planning and disaster preparedness—tipped the balance and plunged Niger into crisis.
	The seriousness of this became evident as the results of NGO nutritional surveys became available in April and May. This was followed by an emergency appeal by the UN in mid-May. DfID had been following events in the Sahel region as a whole for many months. In August last year we gave £1.5 million to the UN Food and Agricultural Organisation to help tackle the locust invasion. Our humanitarian advisers immediately contacted the UN when it launched its emergency appeal in May, and in June we sent an expert to Niger to assess the situation on the ground. This was followed by an immediate contribution of £0.5 million to support the relief efforts of the World Food Programme (WFP), followed by a further £2.7 million to the UN and to NGO partners soon afterwards. The bulk of our support was provided ahead of the coverage that drew world attention to the crisis and prompted further donations from both governments and the public.
	In the early stages of the crisis we funded two emergency airlifts, by Save the Children and UNICEF, to speed up the delivery of life-saving supplies for child nutritional therapy. Since then, as a result of our funding, the WFP has been able to deliver general food rations to 1.6 million people. OXFAM has provided much needed cash vouchers to 131,000 people. The Save the Children Fund has treated 13,000 malnourished children and delivered medicines and supplies to 12 health centres. Islamic Relief has delivered medicines and supplies to 30 health centres. Concern has treated 6,000 malnourished children, and the World Health Organisation has helped contain a cholera outbreak that threatened to make the crisis even worse.
	To date around 2.8 million people have received food aid and more than 90,000 children have received life-saving nutritional therapy. Thanks to good rains this year, food is now being harvested and a bumper crop is expected. Nonetheless, the relief effort will continue in the months ahead, with priority being given to the needs of malnourished children and to those who will not benefit fully or adequately from the new harvest. Much work also remains to be done to help those who have suffered during the crisis to recover, and in the longer term to put in place welfare safety nets and other measures to help the most impoverished people of Niger avoid further crises of this kind.
	Although the international relief effort has succeeded in heading off a major disaster, it was too slow in getting underway. An earlier, better-planned response may well have avoided a major crisis. What has happened in Niger is symptomatic of fundamental weaknesses in the international system for humanitarian response for which urgent remedies are required.
	At the end of last year I called upon the international community to support the establishment in the UN of a large, central fund to speed up the response to humanitarian emergencies and to support wider reforms of the international system to improve its efficiency and effectiveness. If this package of reforms had been in place sooner, the crisis in Niger may have been averted. Progress is now being made in changing the system, with widespread endorsement of our reform proposals being achieved at the recent UN Millennium Review Summit and detailed follow up work now under way. So far six countries have agreed to commit $150 million to this fund next year; the UK's contribution will be $70 million (£40 million). We are pressing hard to ensure that further countries contribute in time to get the fund working in the New Year.

Official Report

Lord Brabazon of Tara: From Monday 17 October, as agreed by the Information Committee, the electronic version of Hansard will be posted on the Intranet and Internet prior to publication of the hard copy.
	The first section of each day's Hansard will be posted on the Intranet and Internet by approximately 7 pm when the House sits at 2.30 pm, and by approximately 3.30 pm when the House sits at 11 am. The final section will be posted some two and a half hours after the rise of the House.
	The text posted will be more or less the same as the final Hansard daily part text, with all the editing completed. There will, however, be no column numbers because the copy will not at that stage have been paginated.
	Members will also have noticed that, as of today, to facilitate the early production of the initial sections of the printed daily part, the column references to items of business are given on the back cover instead of on the front.

Ombudsmen Services Reform

Lord Bassam of Brighton: The Government launched in August a consultation document on reform of public sector ombudsmen services in England.
	The proposed reforms would remove some of the existing legislative constraints that prevent the main public sector ombudsmen—the Parliamentary Ombudsman, the Health Service Ombudsman, and the Local Government Ombudsman—from working collaboratively to provide a more efficient and streamlined service to the citizen.
	The consultation period ends on Friday 18 November. Copies of the consultation document are available in the Libraries of the House, and available electronically at www.cabinetoffice.gov.uk/propriety—and—ethics/parliamentary—ombudsman/ombudsmenreform.asp.

Fire and Rescue Service Control Centres

Baroness Andrews: My honourable friend the Parliamentary Under-Secretary of State has made the following Written Ministerial Statement.
	I am pleased to be able to announce the location for the South East Fire and Rescue Control Centre and put on record the locations for the other seven new control centres. England's fire and rescue service control functions will be delivered through a resilient national network of nine new control centres, one for each of the English regions. The centres will be mutually supporting and will bring the best of the latest proven technology together into one system. This will increase resilience, operational performance and improve public safety.
	The following developers and sites have been selected, following an EU procurement process, for the eight English regions excluding London, to build the Fire and Rescue Service Control Centres for England.
	
		
			 Region Developer Site Address 
			 SE Easter Group and Morley Fund Management Croft Business Park, Fareham, Hampshire 
			   
			 EM Wilson Bowden Developments Ltd Willow Farm Business Park Castle Donington, Derbyshire 
			   
			 EoE Slough Trading Estate Limited Cambridge Research Park Cambridge 
			   
			 NE Helios (Belmont) Ltd Belmont Business Park Durham 
			   
			 NW Lingley Mere Business Park Development Corporation Ltd Lingley Mere Business Park Warrington 
			   
			 SW Summerfield Developments (SW) Limited Blackbrook Business Park Taunton, Somerset 
			   
			 WM Bowmer and Kirkland Group—Peveril Securities Ltd (Development Subsidiary) Wolverhampton Business Park Wolverhampton 
			   
			 Y&H Yorkcourt Properties Ltd Paragon Wakefield 
		
	
	London already has a regional control centre and is expected to form part of the national network. Exactly how this will be implemented is to be taken forward with the London Fire and Emergency Planning Authority. The whole national network will be fully operational before the Olympics in 2012.
	Further details are available on the FiReControl project website at www.firecontrol.odpm.gov.uk.

Southern Africa: Food Crisis

Baroness Amos: My right honourable friend the Secretary of State for International Development (Hilary Benn) has made the following Written Ministerial Statement.
	Assessments in southern Africa have identified that more than 10 million people are likely to face food shortages in the period up to April 2006 in Zimbabwe, Malawi, Zambia, Mozambique, Lesotho and Swaziland. Both the UN Secretary-General and the Executive Director of the World Food Programme have written to donor governments about this.
	The Scale of the Problem Country assessments are carried out by national committees and are co-ordinated regionally by the Southern African Development Committee (SADC). They consider whether households will be able to access their normal food requirements between harvests. Assessment reports can be found on the website of the Southern African Development Committee at www.sadc.int. The figures include those with potential food shortages ranging from 1 per cent to more than 80 per cent of their normal food requirements.
	The breakdown by country is as follows:
	Zimbabwe: The Zimbabwe Government have not yet published the national assessment but independent estimates range from 3 million to 5 million people facing food shortages over the coming months. This is as a result of erratic rains, HIV/AIDS and bad governance. The World Food Programme, with support from DfID, is presently providing food aid for 1 million vulnerable people, mainly children. Operations will grow as the numbers in need increase. In addition, the government of Zimbabwe's forced clearance of unauthorised dwellings earlier this year, Operation Murambatsvina ("Clean Up"), displaced or destroyed the livelihoods of 700,000 people, making poverty and food shortages worse in both urban and rural areas. The Zimbabwe Government's own efforts to mitigate the suffering caused by their mass evictions have been very limited, and in some instances, the government have obstructed the wider humanitarian effort; for example, by refusing to accept the provision of tents and other temporary shelters for those without shelter. Despite these difficulties, a range of UN and non-governmental agencies are operating relief programmes reaching 40,000 affected households, including those affected by HIV and AIDS, with food, blankets, medical care and other essential items. It is a tragedy that humanitarian needs in Zimbabwe have been exacerbated by the disastrous policies of the government, which have led to economic collapse and social and political crises.
	Malawi: Up to 4.2 million people could face food shortages, though this number could rise to 4.6 million if prices rise sharply. The government and the World Food Programme have started a co-ordinated emergency programme targeting the 2.7 million most vulnerable people. A range of other safety nets are in place, such as food for work and cash for work programmes, and the government have taken steps to increase the import of maize available for purchase through government and commercial channels. A UN appeal for $88 million was launched in September covering food aid and distribution of seeds and fertiliser. $28 million has been contributed to the appeal, including $9 million (£5 million) from the UK Government.
	Zambia: At least 1.2 million people in the southern, western and eastern provinces could face food shortages before the next harvest in February-March 2006. The government are still considering whether an emergency appeal is needed. In the meantime, the World Food Programme and an NGO consortium are distributing food aid.
	Mozambique: Up to 587,000 people could face food shortages, mostly in the south of the country. There is no emergency programme but the World Food Programme is distributing some food aid and the government have established a range of safety nets, such as food for work programmes and free or subsidised seed distribution so that the poorest households have enough seeds to plant for next year.
	Lesotho: About 440,000 people could face food shortages. These are virtually all in households that suffer from chronic food insecurity. The government are trying to respond through safety nets, including through a recently introduced old age pension.
	Swaziland: About 225,000 people could face food shortages in households that suffer from chronic food insecurity. As in Lesotho, other responses to chronic hunger, apart from food aid, are being encouraged, such as provision of seeds and fertiliser to poorer households.
	What are the UK Government doing? In response to this emerging crisis, the UK Government have already allocated this year more than £57 million in humanitarian assistance for the region. Some of this has been channelled through UN agencies and some has gone through governments or NGOs. The breakdown of our commitments so far this year is as follows:
	Zimbabwe: £40 million covering relief programmes for up to 3 million people provided through non-government channels, including contributions to the, World Food Programme, HIV/AIDS programmes and responses to those affected by Operation Murambatsvina.
	Malawi: Over £15 million towards the government's emergency food distribution, helping to purchase maize, options on additional maize, and seeds, support to the government's logistics and early warning capacity and support to UNICEF's nutrition rehabilitation units. Government of Malawi planning for the emergency began in March with help from early pledges from the UK.
	Zambia: £430,000 to the World Food Programme for food aid distribution to 3,280 households with at least one person enrolled in a medical treatment programme across the affected provinces, and £1 million to Oxfam for cash transfers to 14,350 households in Western Province. Together these will reach more than 100,000 people.
	Mozambique: £355,000 for cash for work programmes and provision of seeds to poor households.
	Lesotho: £350,000 for distribution of seeds and fertilisers and small-scale livestock interventions.
	Swaziland: £300,000 for distribution of seeds and fertilisers and other necessary help for vulnerable households.
	Information systems for assessing and monitoring needs are improving in southern Africa with support from DfID. The capacity of national governments to respond to humanitarian needs remains limited though and it is essential that the international community reacts quickly when the assessments indicate that action is needed. I have urged EU member states to respond speedily and will follow up with them when we meet later this month. I have also remained in contact with the UN on the international community's response. My honourable friend the Parliamentary Under-Secretary of State, Gareth Thomas, recently visited Malawi and Zambia to discuss the food shortages with the governments and people on the ground in these countries, and I have had discussions with Mr James Morris, the Executive Director of the World Food Programme.
	The Wider Challenge While the position in each country is different, there are high levels of chronic hunger across the region which reflect not just the depth of poverty but also the shockingly high levels of HIV and AIDS across southern Africa. We need to tackle emergency food needs effectively. But that in itself will not end chronic hunger. We are therefore also making greater efforts to work with governments to develop and implement safety nets, such as regular grants of cash and/or food, that will protect the most vulnerable households that regularly need emergency help. These include the elderly, orphans and vulnerable children, the disabled and others that simply cannot find work.
	Early warning has helped to ensure that governments and the international community work together to meet humanitarian needs in southern Africa, but we will continue to monitor the position closely and be ready to take further action if necessary. In Zimbabwe, we will work closely with the UN and other donors to do all we can to address the increasing suffering of poor people there.
	At the end of last year, I also called upon the international community to support the establishment in the UN of a large, central fund to speed up the response to humanitarian emergencies and to support wider reforms of the international system to improve its efficiency and effectiveness. Progress is being made, with widespread endorsement of our reform proposals being achieved at the UN Millennium Review Summit in September and detailed follow up work now underway. So far six countries have agreed to commit $150 million to this fund next year; the UK's contribution will be $70 million (£40 million). We are pressing hard to ensure further countries contribute in time to get the fund working in the New Year.